51 pages • 1 hour read
Summary
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Character Analysis
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
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During every lecture he gave with the Combatants for Peace group during its first two years, Bassam used to hold the candy bracelet that Abir bought before she died. On a hot day, the candy bracelet made his hands pink-colored as it mixed with his sweat. Later he was detained by the police at gunpoint and interrogated for five hours. Semtex can leave a pink residue on those who handle it.
In prison, Bassam and the others would collect errant materials and objects to create instruments. Amidst the squalor and decay of the prison conditions, the inmates did their best to keep their spirits up: They prayed, they chanted poetry, they fashioned traditional garments from kitchen rags and dishtowels.
Bassam’s first encounters with Hertzl the prison guard were contentious. This eventually changed. Hertzl mentions that Bassam’s prison number is an “amicable number,” which are “two different numbers related in the sense that when you add all their proper divisors together—not including the original number itself—the sums of their divisors equal each other” (97).
In prison, the guards would strip the prisoners naked to beat them. Bassam recalls the shame this brought him and the embarrassment. Hertzl was the only guard not to participate; in fact he even threw himself over Bassam to stop another baton blow. The other guards pressed Hertzl against the wall and headbutted him for this.
Like Bassam, Rami participated in the wars that occurred in the region. He drove an army truck for a medical team that brought in ammunition and carried dead soldiers out of the field.
McCann spends a lengthy digression on tunnel building throughout the region’s history. In the 1990s an American team with one Croatian member were hired to dig a tunnel in Israel. The Croatian member was very skilled with explosives. He eventually disappeared from the team.
McCann also includes several sections about a correspondence between Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud, wherein the former asks the latter if there was any way to suppress the human penchant for waging war. Freud answered that this was likely not possible; however, he replied, “anything which creates emotional ties between human beings inevitably counteracts war” (111).
After his daughter’s death, Bassam and his family go to England so Bassam can study the Holocaust at an English university. He is 42 years old. In England he conducted research: reading Primo Levi, Susan Sontag, Adorno, watching films centered on the Holocaust. This research informed his thesis, The Holocaust: The Use and Abuse of History and Memory. He arrives at his intellectual intervention in regards to the Israel/Palestine conflict: The occupation “was the common enemy. It was destroying both sides. He didn’t hate Jews, he said, he didn’t hate Israel. What he hated was being occupied, the humiliation of it, the strangulation, the daily degradation, the abasement. Nothing would be secure until it ended” (123).
One rhetorical device McCann uses in this span as well the preceding pages is including a seemingly unrelated historical event and eventually fold the symbolic significance or essence of it into the story of Bassam and Amir. One example is the inclusion of Freud’s correspondence with Albert Einstein. The two discussed whether anything could be done to stamp out the psychological drive for war in humans. Freud thought not, though he offered a phrase of hope, something for humans to drive for: “A community of feeling. A mythology of the instincts” (124). This phrase appears in the section on the history of the correspondence (Section 254); however it also occurs as a one-sentence section (Section 278) right after McCann discusses Bassam’s time studying at university. It is a great example of how McCann incorporates historical scope into the central narrative.
It is notable that the section that includes discussions on Albert Einstein also includes significant references to mathematics. The inclusion of mathematics is important in two ways. First, it is the tie between Bassam and Hertzl the prison guard, who is studying mathematics. Hertzl is first drawn to Bassam because his prison number is an “amicable number.” Secondly, it illustrates how mathematics can be seen as a universal language and law between people. Hertzl, an Israeli, recognizes that Arabian people informed much of our understanding of mathematics. Two plus two is the same for both Israelis and Palestinians. On the other hand, mathematics does nothing to solve the abasement at the heart of human nature. It is important to note that a scientist and mathematician as esteemed as Albert Einstein sought out Sigmund Freud, a psychoanalyst, for insights into human nature.
In a sense, one can see the parallels between Einstein and Freud with Hertzl and Bassam. Hertzl devotes his life to mathematics, a field important to Einstein’s work, and Bassam goes to England to study about memory, trauma, and history of the Holocaust. Both are attempting to find something eternal about the logic of the world of humans but from different vantages. Taken together, they perhaps form a circle. It isn’t by chance that McCann keeps quoting something that Hertzl wrote: “[I]f you divide death by life you will find a circle” (125).
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