53 pages • 1 hour read
Content Warning: The source material and this guide contain discussions of sexual and physical abuse, and incest.
Harley always wears his father’s jacket. The jacket is heavy and begins to be uncomfortable as the weather moves from spring into summer. However, Harley refuses to remove the jacket. For Harley, this jacket is a form of security that protects him from the memories of his father’s physical abuse as well as his incestuous relationship with Amber. The only time Harley removes the jacket is when he is with Callie Mercer, his next-door neighbor and lover.
In the early chapters of the novel, Harley says, “Last year, retiring Dad’s jacket to the closet felt like giving up my skin” (57), expressing the sense of security he feels wearing it. Later in the novel, Harley continues to wear the jacket despite the fact that it is growing warmer, admitting that “various people throughout the day told me I smelled like a barn or asked me why I was wearing a coat” (297). Harley’s refusal to give up the jacket shows his emotional connection to it. Harley’s feelings about his father are complicated by the abuse his father perpetrated on the family, yet he still feels a sense of safety while wearing the jacket. More than being a connection to his father, the jacket appears to be a way to hide himself from Amber and the sexual connection they shared as children. The more Harley’s memories of that sexual connection return, the more he clings to the jacket.
Harley burns the family couch after catching Amber having sex with a boy on it. In the aftermath of this incident, it is revealed that the couch once belonged to Harley’s grandmother, a woman Harley recalls as being mean to everyone around her. Harley traces his father’s abuse to his grandparents’ behavior, which echoes his own parents’ dynamic: His grandfather was physically abusive, and his grandmother failed to protect her children. In the beginning, the couch symbolizes the cyclical nature of abuse in his family. However, as the novel progresses and Harley begins to put together the pieces of his past, it also becomes clear that the couch incident with Amber and her male friend caused Harley to remember parts of his childhood he has repressed.
When Harley remembers the sexual contact with Amber, the incident with the couch takes on new meaning and the couch becomes a motif to the theme of Sexual Abuse and Trauma. At the same time, Harley uses the couch as a method of protecting Jody from the sawed-off pipe in the ground, turning it into a symbol of security much like the jacket Harley wears. This plays with the complexity of Harley’s feelings for Amber and the sexual relationship that led to emotional trauma for both Harley and Amber.
Jody is six years old when the novel begins. She writes lists and notes that she leaves all around the house. Harley checks these lists on occasion, learning from them the things Jody expects from him and the other members of the household. There are also notes that reveal the things Misty is teaching Jody, specifically regarding Harley’s relationship with Amber. Seeing some of these notes adds to Harley’s struggles and his eventual recall of Amber’s sexual abuse when they were younger.
The lists are mostly innocuous, including things such as “FEED DINUSORS CULOR PISHUR FOR MOMMY GO TO SCOOL GO TO PRISUN WATCH TEEVEE PRAY FOR DADDYS SOWL GO TO BED” (22), and come to symbolize Jody’s way of dealing with the trauma that all four children have experienced. Jody initially stopped talking after seeing her father die. These notes help Jody to feel a sense of security in her day-to-day life as they allow her to have structure to her day despite the chaos of the household under Harley and Amber’s supervision. The notes are a symbolic cry for help, a need to understand the very grown-up issues surrounding her. As the youngest, Jody is often an afterthought to the other members of the Altmyer family. However, Jody is a sponge who soaks up everything going on around her and understands more about the events Harley is trying to understand than anyone else. Her notes are proof of that fact.
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