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138 pages 4 hours read

Educated: A Memoir

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2018

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Part 1, Chapters 14-16Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1, Chapter 14 Summary: “My Feet No Longer Touch Earth”

Westover recounts her memories of preparing for college in earnest. Her boss introduces her to the Internet, which she has never heard of before, and shows her how to visit webpages and send emails. She uses this new knowledge to look up BYU’s website. The next day, she drives 40 miles to buy ACT study guides and math textbooks so that she could learn math.

That October, Westover drove to the opera house every night, both to avoid Shawn and her father and to study math in peace and quiet. She studied algebra but could not figure out trigonometry on her own. Tyler told her to come to BYU so that he could tutor her. Using all the knowledge he had acquired as a mechanical engineering major, Tyler helped her learn the principles of trigonometry.

While they studied one night, Faye called. There was an accident on the site where Gene and the crew were working. Shawn had fallen from 20 feet in the air, landed on his head, and had been airlifted to a hospital. Westover admits that, at the time, she got conflicting details from the rest of the crew about how it had happened, but one thing was clear: It was a miracle Shawn had not died.

Westover was concerned about Shawn but did not want to visit him at the hospital, even though she could not understand why. When she came to the hospital with Faye, Shawn took Westover’s hand and said, “You came. I didn’t think you would” (137). In that moment, she realized why she did not want to go to the hospital: She was afraid that if Shawn died, she might be glad. To make up for her guilt for not wanting to visit Shawn in the hospital, she quit her job and tended to him day and night during the two months that it took him to recover. The doctors told Faye that the injury might have altered Shawn’s personality, that he might show tendencies toward emotional volatility and violence. And he did—he said nasty things to Faye and frequently flew into rages. Looking back years later, Westover does not think that his accident had “changed him that much” (139) in terms of personality. At the time, however, she used it as an excuse for how cruelly he treated her. 

Part 1, Chapter 15 Summary: “No More a Child”

Westover remembers having a realization that scared her to her core: There was no future for her that could tolerate her independence and her father’s control. She realized that to maintain her relationship with her father, she must “remain a child, in perpetuity, always” (140-41). Gene told her that going to college would be “whoring after man’s knowledge” (141), which caused Westover to decide not to go to college. But when Gene was not around, Faye pushed back: She told Westover not to let anything stop her from going, even her father.

Since Westover quit her job when Shawn was injured, she decided to start scrapping for her dad at the junkyard again during the winter. Despite this, she kept waking up at 6 a.m. to study for the ACT. BYU was a competitive school, and Westover knew she would need to score at least a 27 to get in. Although she was just 16 and had never taken a test before, she registered for the ACT.

When she got her ACT results, she found she had scored a 22—not high enough to get into BYU, but high enough to get into Idaho State. When Gene found out that she had taken the ACT, he told her she had to move out of the house. Despite her earlier support, Faye backs Gene’s decision. Faye tells Westover, “I know you think we’re being unfair, but when I was your age I was living on my own, getting ready to marry your father” (145). When Westover tells her that she is only 16, Faye responds, “You’re at least twenty. Aren’t you?” (145). Looking confused, Faye said she would talk to Gene, and that Westover could stay at the house a little longer.

Soon after this, Shawn returns to work in the junkyard and Gene comes home with a new, dangerous contraption: “the Shear.” It looked like a giant pair of scissors and was used to cut up scrap metal. Luke immediately got his arm gashed to the bone trying to slide pieces of iron through the sharp blades. Gene told Westover to try “the Shear” next, but Shawn screamed at Gene that it was too dangerous, which devolved into a shouting match between them. Shawn insisted that if she had to work the machine, he would do it with her. Gene said this was preposterous; he needed Shawn to continue working as his foreman. But Shawn won the fight, and Gene looked small in defeat. Shawn and Westover ran “the Shear” together for a month.  

Part 1, Chapter 16 Summary: “Disloyal Man, Disobedient Heaven”

Westover remembers Shawn and Gene arguing almost every day throughout the summer. It was as if they were fighting over Gene’s authority. Shawn had another bad accident that summer. After watching a movie with Westover at Grandma-over-in-town’s house, Shawn wrecked his motorcycle on the way home. Westover was following him in her car, but some bystanders beat her to him and called an ambulance. Westover panicked and called Gene, who told her to bring Shawn home instead. She protested because she could see a hole in Shawn’s head and his brain was visible. But Gene still insisted that she bring him home. She loaded Shawn in her car and intended to go home, but when she thought about the last time Shawn nearly died, she changed direction and headed to the hospital instead.

At the hospital, Westover called Gene and told him what she did. He and Faye came to the hospital too. The three of them waited to talk to the doctor, then listened to the diagnosis, which was not as bad as Westover was expecting. After a few stitches, Shawn’s head injury would heal on its own. When her parents arrived, Westover immediately felt ashamed. Westover felt she was not a good daughter. She was a traitor, “a wolf amongst sheep” (155). Gene never mentioned that night at the hospital again, but Westover knew that her rebellion against her father’s will brought her to a fork in the road where Gene’s path went one way and her path went the other way.

Three weeks after the accident, Westover got the results from her second attempt at the ACT. She scored a 28: high enough to get into BYU. She immediately vowed never to work for her father again and applied for a job bagging groceries in town. A week later, she applied to BYU. She was not sure if she would get in, but she knew she was going to leave home even if she did not. She felt that home changed the moment she chose to take Shawn to the hospital instead of home to Faye for treatment. Westover heard back from the BYU admissions committee before her 17th birthday and was accepted for the spring term. By Christmas, she could not wait to leave for college, although she could not imagine what a future beyond home would be like. 

Part 1, Chapters 14-16 Analysis

In Chapters 14 through 16, Westover begins to experience strife at home directly related to her decision to go to college. Through her memories of this strife, readers can see a new consequence of her family's fundamentalist beliefs. Westover has no concept of how to prepare for college entrance examinations, how to write a college exam essay, or how to send an email. Her education at home was so stunted that she did not even know what the bubble sheet was for on the ACT or how to access the Internet. Gene and Faye have always proudly claimed that their homeschool education is vastly superior to the education Westover and her siblings would have received in public school. But as Westover prepares for college, it becomes clear that the education the Westover children received was not transferable to contexts beyond life on the mountain.

To add to the challenge of figuring out how to get into college mostly on her own (her brother, Tyler, and her boss at work also helped), Gene tried to put up barriers between Westover and college at every turn. Not only was her desire to go to college a betrayal of the family, it was a rejection of everything Gene had relentlessly attempted to teach her throughout her life. In Gene's mind, she was rejecting one education—a superior one, in his opinion—for another. Education is not a neutral resource in the Westover family: It is a deeply ideological social institution that involves much more than teaching students the skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Education determines the way that one views the entire world, and it is apparent that Gene fears that Westover will discover a new way of viewing the world if she leaves the mountain. By keeping her isolated, Gene ensures he can control her.

Along with his views on education, Gene has strong opinions on womanhood and what makes a good woman. Westover also reveals another facet to her father’s definition of “whore” in this section of chapters. When she tells Gene that she wants to go to college, he tells her that she is “whoring after man’s knowledge” (141). “Whoring” is no longer just about a person’s sexuality: It is about his or her way of being in the world. To desire or to do anything that undermines Gene’s interpretation of God’s will is to be a “whore.” This declaration from Gene affects Westover so profoundly that she tells her mother she has changed her mind and no longer wants to go to college. During this time, Westover’s desire not to be a “whore” is still just as powerful as her desire to escape the reality that would gladly label her as one.

Westover is still questioning whether she should stay at home or go to college during this section of chapters, but one event in particular confirms that it is time for her to go. When Shawn has a motorcycle accident and Westover defies her father’s instructions by taking Shawn to the hospital, she feels a rift open between them that was not there before: “After that night, there was never any question of whether I would go or stay. It was as if we were living in the future, and I was already gone” (155). To make such a rebellious choice—a choice that, by Gene’s standards, only a person who does not share the family beliefs would make—is to be labeled a traitor.

A large contributor to Westover’s decision is her desire to go to BYU. As she starts pursuing education on her own, she begins to realize that it is her ticket out. Despite all these challenges, Westover gets into BYU. She is ready to go, regardless of whether her motivation is to escape the guilt she is feeling or because she is genuinely excited. After all the conflict with her father and living in constant fear of Shawn, she is eager to see what life will be like off the mountain. 

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