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51 pages 1 hour read

The Book of Night Women

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2009

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Part 1, Chapters 1-7Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “Niggerkin”

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: This section of the guide contains depictions of enslavement, sexual violence, torture, and murder, including the abuse and death of children. Slurs including the n-word are prevalent in the novel, as are other outdated and offensive terms for Black people, which are only replicated in this guide in direct quotes. One of the titles in this section includes the n-word, which is not obscured; however, all other instances of the n-word are obscured.

The narrator describes a brutal birth that leaves the mother dead and the child covered in blood. The narrator says they will call the child Lilith. Lilith has black skin and green eyes. With her mother gone, the overseer forces a woman named Circe to take care of her. As Lilith grows up, she is a wild, carefree child. When she begins to bleed and they tell her that she is a woman rather than a girl, Lilith wants to turn back time.

Lilith notices that Johnny-jumpers, a group of enslaved men who keep watch over the enslaved people working in the field, have begun to notice her. Because their overseer Jack Wilkins allows it, Johnny-jumpers rape and steal and abuse anyone they want at night. Lilith notices that Circe regularly hosts men in their house, including the overseer Jack Wilkins.

One night after he leaves, Circe tells her that she will begin working in the field the next day. Lilith says she is sick, and Circe gives her tea and leaves. A Johnny-jumper named Paris comes to their hut and tries to rape Lilith, but she throws the pot of hot tea on him. He screams and tries to fight back, and eventually she stabs and kills him. When Circe comes home to see the scene, she gets Homer, a thin woman who works in the house. Circe says Lilith is too spirited and Homer slaps Circe. Homer and two other women help them clear the body and take Lilith into the main house.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary

Lilith hides in a pitch-black basement room and Homer sends down food for her. Lilith listens to them laugh above her and she hears a Johnny-jumper ask Homer where the girl is. Paris has been missing for four days. Lilith sees Homer bathing and is shocked by the fact that her entire body is covered in scars, all down her back and front. Another woman named Pallas calls Lilith upstairs. She and Homer discuss what they should do with Lilith, but they do not come to a conclusion.

One day Homer gives Lilith work to do in the cellar. Wilkins approaches the main house and everyone falls silent. He asks Homer where Paris is and she claims ignorance but admits Lilith is downstairs. He slaps her twice and says it may have been too long since she was last whipped because she defied his orders to send Lilith to the fields. Homer begs him not to hurt her and explains that his wife gave them more work and Homer chose Lilith to help because she would be the least help in the fields. Jack says the other Johnny-jumpers claim that Paris ran away, and when Jack leaves, Pallas runs down asking why the johnny-jumpers would lie for them. Homer tells her to think about what happens after a cat catches a bird.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary

Chapter 3 begins by explaining the hierarchy of enslaved people on the plantation, from the house to the field. Two things matter in this hierarchy: how dark an enslaved person’s skin is, and where the white men make them work, the former influencing the latter. On top is the head of the house, who at Montpelier is Homer. Next are the enslaved people who work in the rooms and grounds. Then the cooks, the cleaners, and those who care for the children. Then there are the skilled artisans, the stable boys, the coachmen, and finally the Johnny-jumpers and the enslaved people in the field. Of those in the field, there are the strongest ones who do the hardest labor, then the regular enslaved people in the field, and finally children who carry trash and water throughout the plantation.

The narrator explains Montpelier’s history. The old master, Patrick Wilson, came back from fighting for the British in the American Revolutionary War with mental health issues, and the overseer Jack Wilkins effectively ran the estate. When Patrick Wilson died, his son Humphrey Wilson returned from being educated in England. He finds his mother seemingly starving and Jack Wilkins acting like he owns the estate. Homer explains that Jack Wilkins told her to stop feeding his mother because she was barely eating. He yells at Wilkins and then tells Homer to feed his mother. On his way out he turns around to say please.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary

Humphrey Wilson and his friend Robert Quinn now run the estate. The narrator explains that when they get to the colony, the white men can do whatever they want with no repercussions. Lilith decides that Wilson is not bad to look at. He does not like that the people he enslaves die of starvation and they waste money buying new ones, so he orders them to be fed better.

Lilith studies Homer and acts proud even though she is terrified. A woman named Andromeda orders Lilith around and Lilith responds by making fun of her. She receives a slap from Andromeda and then attacks her, not stopping until the men hit her with a rolling pin and she passes out.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary

A woman accuses Lilith of being sasabonsam, which is a concept from one of the African tribes. Homer makes her participate in a ritual and then the next day Circe dies brutally with blood coming out of every hole in her body. Lilith sobs and Homer comforts her while telling her that Circe never treated her as her own child. Circe is barren and bitter and after Lilith came into the house Circe was put back into the fields.

Lilith gets lonely indoors but when the harvest comes, she feels grateful that she is not in the fields. Homer begins teaching her how to read using a book called Joseph Andrews, saying that while Lilith cannot control the white man she can control herself. Lilith likes reading because it makes her feel less lonely. Homer takes such an interest in Lilith’s life and well-being that Lilith starts to wonder what she wants in return.

The mistress comes into the kitchen examining the enslaved people working in the house and asks Homer about the young one in the cellar. As Homer starts to deny her presence, Lilith jumps forward, and the mistress orders Homer to clean her up.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary

Lilith starts seeing things in the night and dreaming about a white man forcing himself upon a Black woman and then killing her. Homer grabs Lilith in the night and leads her out into the field. She then disappears and Lilith begins to run, just trying to survive the night, but she sees a light, which she follows into a cave. In the cave there are six women: Homer, Callisto, Gorgon, Pallas, Iphigenia, and Hippolyta. They tell Lilith that she is Jack Wilkins’s child and these are her sisters. Lilith is in denial about her lineage and then threatens to tell the mistress. They tell Lilith they are planning to be free by Easter. The other women criticize Homer’s decision to let Lilith attend and Lilith keeps talking back until Pallas points a gun at her and she runs out of the cave.

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary

Tantalus runs away and the narrator explains the role of the Maroons, who used to be the friends of enslaved people and now are the enemies. Lilith says she hopes they catch him, but secretly she feels fondness for Tantalus because he showed her a page from a book with a picture of a prince looking lovingly at a sleeping princess. The Maroons catch Tantalus seven miles from Montpelier and get paid two pounds each for returning him. Immediately the Johnny-jumpers tie up Tantalus and Quinn cuts off his foot.

Lilith realizes suddenly that she is attracted to Wilson. She knows he has the power to bring her above the other enslaved women and save her from the Johnny-jumpers. She tries to get his attention but he barely notices her except requesting that the girl in the cellar make his tea.

Part 1, Chapters 1-7 Analysis

The first chapter grouping establishes the setting, characters, and conflict of the book and begins to explore the importance of names, appearances, and the construction of identity. The narrator establishes Lilith’s character starting from the day she is born. She is forced to make sense of the world she is born into as an enslaved child and as a result struggles to understand who she is. When people tell her she is no longer a girl, she tries to see some physical change that could explain this shift: “Lilith watching Lilith and trying to see which part of her turn woman” (7). The conditions of slavery impose her identity from the outside rather than letting her form it from the inside, resulting in her confusion about how the world sees her and how she sees the world. At this age Lilith feels constantly out of place: She is “too spirited” and her “legs too smooth for a slave and hair too woolly and lips too thick like fruit and eyes that seem robbed from white lady” (4). Even before Lilith herself realizes that she must stifle her spirit to survive enslavement, her body is somehow wrong. Her Green Eyes seem “robbed from a white lady” because Jack Wilkins raped her mother and passed down his eye color, but the truth does not matter when the white enslavers will blame her regardless. Her eyes represent the truth that white people do not want to acknowledge: The people they enslave are the same as they are. Instead of acknowledging this truth, Lilith is blamed for the eyes that were forced upon her.

When Homer tells Lilith in the cave that her father is Jack Wilkins, she responds, “You hate me, you hate me just ’cause me soon be mistress favourite” (73). Lilith hates Wilkins and until this moment was left in ignorance about her heritage. Yet in acknowledging her hatred of the white people, she reaches for another white person to give herself credibility and power in a room full of other enslaved women. During this conversation, the conflict between Lilith and Homer begins to emerge. Homer believes the only way to acquire freedom from white people is to continue The Cycle of Violence and kill them, while Lilith has empathy for white people. Lilith dismisses the idea that white people would ever free them and Homer responds, “We not getting free, we taking free” (71). While teaching Lilith to read, he tells her that “[w]hite man is beast either way. Nothing you can change ’bout him. But you can change plenty ’bout you” (57). Homer believes that “[e]very time you open [a book] you get free,” introducing the idea of Finding Autonomy Under Slavery (57). The freedom found in the ability to read and write eventually becomes the bridge between Homer's and Lilith’s philosophies, but Lilith is disbelieving of Homer’s plan for rebellion.

As James introduces characters and the institution of slavery, the extent of the irony of slavery comes through in the names that white people gave Black people when they enslaved them. Enslavers strip away enslaved people’s names, identities, language, and culture and impose their own, so most enslaved people at Montpelier have names that directly reference Ancient Greece. Homer, for example, is named after the writer of The Iliad and The Odyssey. Homer’s name reflects her influence at Montpelier in both day-to-day pursuits and her role as a teacher and keeper of knowledge. The irony is that by choosing names of influential white people in history, those names, fates, and legacies now lie in the hands of the very group of people that white people view as less than human. Several characters hold names that hint at their fate: Circe—named after the ancient Greek goddess known for her magical powers and mystical knowledge—is an isolated woman, an exception to the rules that govern everyone else, who ironically is killed by witchcraft like that with which her namesake is associated. Further, the enslavers speak about the “ungodly” nature of Obeah, yet the stories after which they name their enslaved people include witchcraft (112). The irony and illogic of these names stand in for the irony and illogic of slavery itself: On the one hand, slavery is predicated on a denial of the humanity of enslaved people, and, on the other hand, the fear enslavers have for enslaved people’s power, and the rules and precautions they take to curb this power, undermine and contradict this denial of their humanity.

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